0. Huh 7.5 cells were cultured either without infection or for 4 days after JFH1 infection. Cells were then seeded onto 24-well plates. After 24 hours, cells were serum starved for 5-16 hours and then cotransfected using lipofectamine-LTX (Invitrogen) with forkhead box response element; (FHRE)-luc reporter vector,[11] pRL-tk vector (renilla luciferase reporter), and pECE-HA-FOXO3 vector (wild-type [WT] or mutants, 0.2 μg per well) and where indicated

pFlagMKK7JNK1a1 (30 ng per well). Cells were subsequently incubated for 48 hours prior to lysis and luciferase determination with the Dual luciferase assay kit (Promega) on a single tube Glomax 20/20 luminometer (Promega). Results are expressed as firefly luciferase/renilla MK-8669 luciferase activity. Whole cell lysates were prepared from cells that had been washed and harvested by centrifugation in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) pH 7.5. Cell pellets were resuspended in RIPA buffer that contained 50 mM Tris, pH 7.5, 150 mM sodium chloride, 1% NP-40, 0.5% sodium deoxycholate, 0.1 mM EDTA, and 1% protease and phosphatase inhibitors (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO). Lysates were centrifuged at 14,000 rpm for 15 minutes; supernatants were collected and protein

concentration was measured using the Bio-Rad protein assay kit (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA). Protein extracts (15 μg) were subjected to 10% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), electrophoretically transferred GDC 0068 to nitrocellulose membranes (Amercham Hybond ECL, GE Healthcare), and blocked in 3% bovine serum albumin (BSA)/PBS at room temperature RT for 1 hour. Primary antibodies were incubated overnight at manufacturer-recommended concentrations. The antibodies used are detailed in the Supporting Methods. Immunoblots were detected with the ECL Plus Western Blotting Detection System (Amersham Biosciences, Piscataway, NJ) or using near-infrared fluorescence with the ODYSSEY Fc, Dual-Mode Imaging system (Li-COR). Expression levels were

evaluated by quantification of relative density of each band normalized to that of the corresponding β-actin or GAPDH band density. cIEF analysis was performed using 上海皓元 a Nanopro-1000 instrument (ProteinSimple, Santa Clara, CA). Protein samples were diluted with sample diluent (Bicine/CHAPS, protease and phosphatase inhibitors) to 1.6 mg/mL, treated with 12M urea/40 mM DTT (1:1 for a final urea concentration of 6M) for 5 minutes at RT, then supplemented with equal volumes of Bicine/CHAPS buffer, 75% v/v of G2 ampholyte premix (ProteinSimple), containing 8% v/v ampholyte mixture. For FOXO3 analysis the mixture contained 50% pH 2.5-5, 33% pH 5-8, and 17% pH 3-10 (GE Healthcare) for a final concentration of 6% v/v of ampholytes in the capillary. The mixture was supplemented with pI Standard Ladder 1 (ProteinSimple, p/n 040-644). When immunoprecipitated proteins were analyzed, 12M urea/40 mM DTT was added directly to the beads and eluate was used for analysis.

Liver mononuclear cells were separated 12 hours after the final Con A administration, and soluble cytokines production from these cells stimulated with TLR1-9 agonist in vitro was measured by Cytometric Bead Array (CBA)

assay. RESULTS: Con A pretreated mice were partially protected from liver injury by Con A rechallenge Inhibitor Library manufacturer 7 days after pretreatment, while liver damage was more aggravated by Con A rechallenge as early as 3 days after pretreatment. We next performed a serial analysis of the number and the function of hepatic APCs following Con A administration. The number of CD11 b+ F4/80+ macrophages dramatically increased that peaked at 24 hours and decreased thereafter. In contrast, the number of CD 11c+ DCs decreased that peaked at 24 hours perhaps due to an increased cell death, and returned to the baseline by 7 days. CD11c+ DCs within Con A-treated Adriamycin supplier liver were phenotypically mature with increased expression of CD80, CD86, and MHC class2. In vitro stimulation of whole liver cells with TLR4, 6, and 9 agonist induced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α, while the production of IL-10 was only induced by TLR9 agonist stimulation and the Th 1 /Th2

balance via TLR9 shifted to Th2 dominant with time following Con A administration. Hepatic CD11c+ DCs sorted by MACS beads 7 days after Con A administration (CD11c+ DCs-D7) have a maximum potential to produce IL-10 and TGF-β by TLR9 agonist stimulation compared with other APCs subset. These CD11c+ DCs prompted naïve CD4 T cells to differentiate to a regulatory phenotype in the presence of TLR9 agonist in vitro. Finally, Pretreatment with CD11c+ DCs-D7, but not CD11c+ DCs sorted at earlier time point or CD11 b+ macrophages, protected mice from Con A induced acute liver damage in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, IL-10 producing MHC

class2+ CD11c+ DCs play MCE公司 a role in mediating liver tolerance via TLR9 as an important negative regulator of the excessive liver inflammation by Con A in mice. Disclosures: Toshifumi Hibi – Grant/Research Support: Abbott Japan, Ajinomoto Pharma, Astrazeneca Phramaceuticals, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K, Tanabe Mitsubishi Pharma The following people have nothing to disclose: Nobuhiro Nakamoto, Hirotoshi Ebinuma, Takanori Kanai, Yuko Wakayama, Nobuhito Taniki, Hiroko Murata, Yohei Mikami, Po-sung Chu, Kazuo Sugiyama, Hidetsugu Saito Visceral adipose is now known to be an active endocrine organ. The cytokines released by visceral fat (VAT) are thought to have both local and systemic effects. Our aim was to assess the role of visceral fat TGFb1 gene expression and the associated cytokine-signaling cascade in distinguishing NASH from non-NASH NAFLD. Methods: RNAs were extracted from frozen visceral fat samples of 241 patients with liver biopsy proven NAFLD using Bio-Rad’s Aurum Total RNA Fatty and Fibrous Tissue Kit. 1 μg of RNA from each sample was converted to cDNA using SABiosciences’ RT2 First Strand Kit.

Liver mononuclear cells were separated 12 hours after the final Con A administration, and soluble cytokines production from these cells stimulated with TLR1-9 agonist in vitro was measured by Cytometric Bead Array (CBA)

assay. RESULTS: Con A pretreated mice were partially protected from liver injury by Con A rechallenge selleck 7 days after pretreatment, while liver damage was more aggravated by Con A rechallenge as early as 3 days after pretreatment. We next performed a serial analysis of the number and the function of hepatic APCs following Con A administration. The number of CD11 b+ F4/80+ macrophages dramatically increased that peaked at 24 hours and decreased thereafter. In contrast, the number of CD 11c+ DCs decreased that peaked at 24 hours perhaps due to an increased cell death, and returned to the baseline by 7 days. CD11c+ DCs within Con A-treated Cisplatin liver were phenotypically mature with increased expression of CD80, CD86, and MHC class2. In vitro stimulation of whole liver cells with TLR4, 6, and 9 agonist induced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α, while the production of IL-10 was only induced by TLR9 agonist stimulation and the Th 1 /Th2

balance via TLR9 shifted to Th2 dominant with time following Con A administration. Hepatic CD11c+ DCs sorted by MACS beads 7 days after Con A administration (CD11c+ DCs-D7) have a maximum potential to produce IL-10 and TGF-β by TLR9 agonist stimulation compared with other APCs subset. These CD11c+ DCs prompted naïve CD4 T cells to differentiate to a regulatory phenotype in the presence of TLR9 agonist in vitro. Finally, Pretreatment with CD11c+ DCs-D7, but not CD11c+ DCs sorted at earlier time point or CD11 b+ macrophages, protected mice from Con A induced acute liver damage in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, IL-10 producing MHC

class2+ CD11c+ DCs play MCE a role in mediating liver tolerance via TLR9 as an important negative regulator of the excessive liver inflammation by Con A in mice. Disclosures: Toshifumi Hibi – Grant/Research Support: Abbott Japan, Ajinomoto Pharma, Astrazeneca Phramaceuticals, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K, Tanabe Mitsubishi Pharma The following people have nothing to disclose: Nobuhiro Nakamoto, Hirotoshi Ebinuma, Takanori Kanai, Yuko Wakayama, Nobuhito Taniki, Hiroko Murata, Yohei Mikami, Po-sung Chu, Kazuo Sugiyama, Hidetsugu Saito Visceral adipose is now known to be an active endocrine organ. The cytokines released by visceral fat (VAT) are thought to have both local and systemic effects. Our aim was to assess the role of visceral fat TGFb1 gene expression and the associated cytokine-signaling cascade in distinguishing NASH from non-NASH NAFLD. Methods: RNAs were extracted from frozen visceral fat samples of 241 patients with liver biopsy proven NAFLD using Bio-Rad’s Aurum Total RNA Fatty and Fibrous Tissue Kit. 1 μg of RNA from each sample was converted to cDNA using SABiosciences’ RT2 First Strand Kit.

Liver mononuclear cells were separated 12 hours after the final Con A administration, and soluble cytokines production from these cells stimulated with TLR1-9 agonist in vitro was measured by Cytometric Bead Array (CBA)

assay. RESULTS: Con A pretreated mice were partially protected from liver injury by Con A rechallenge AZD6244 clinical trial 7 days after pretreatment, while liver damage was more aggravated by Con A rechallenge as early as 3 days after pretreatment. We next performed a serial analysis of the number and the function of hepatic APCs following Con A administration. The number of CD11 b+ F4/80+ macrophages dramatically increased that peaked at 24 hours and decreased thereafter. In contrast, the number of CD 11c+ DCs decreased that peaked at 24 hours perhaps due to an increased cell death, and returned to the baseline by 7 days. CD11c+ DCs within Con A-treated selleck chemicals liver were phenotypically mature with increased expression of CD80, CD86, and MHC class2. In vitro stimulation of whole liver cells with TLR4, 6, and 9 agonist induced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α, while the production of IL-10 was only induced by TLR9 agonist stimulation and the Th 1 /Th2

balance via TLR9 shifted to Th2 dominant with time following Con A administration. Hepatic CD11c+ DCs sorted by MACS beads 7 days after Con A administration (CD11c+ DCs-D7) have a maximum potential to produce IL-10 and TGF-β by TLR9 agonist stimulation compared with other APCs subset. These CD11c+ DCs prompted naïve CD4 T cells to differentiate to a regulatory phenotype in the presence of TLR9 agonist in vitro. Finally, Pretreatment with CD11c+ DCs-D7, but not CD11c+ DCs sorted at earlier time point or CD11 b+ macrophages, protected mice from Con A induced acute liver damage in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, IL-10 producing MHC

class2+ CD11c+ DCs play 上海皓元 a role in mediating liver tolerance via TLR9 as an important negative regulator of the excessive liver inflammation by Con A in mice. Disclosures: Toshifumi Hibi – Grant/Research Support: Abbott Japan, Ajinomoto Pharma, Astrazeneca Phramaceuticals, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K, Tanabe Mitsubishi Pharma The following people have nothing to disclose: Nobuhiro Nakamoto, Hirotoshi Ebinuma, Takanori Kanai, Yuko Wakayama, Nobuhito Taniki, Hiroko Murata, Yohei Mikami, Po-sung Chu, Kazuo Sugiyama, Hidetsugu Saito Visceral adipose is now known to be an active endocrine organ. The cytokines released by visceral fat (VAT) are thought to have both local and systemic effects. Our aim was to assess the role of visceral fat TGFb1 gene expression and the associated cytokine-signaling cascade in distinguishing NASH from non-NASH NAFLD. Methods: RNAs were extracted from frozen visceral fat samples of 241 patients with liver biopsy proven NAFLD using Bio-Rad’s Aurum Total RNA Fatty and Fibrous Tissue Kit. 1 μg of RNA from each sample was converted to cDNA using SABiosciences’ RT2 First Strand Kit.

The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study is an observational, prospective cohort study conducted buy Navitoclax by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health and has

been collecting data on pregnant women between 1999 and 2007.23 The main objective of The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study is to evaluate the effect of an extensive number of exposures on pregnancy outcome, and the health status of the mother and child during and after pregnancy. The Medical Birth Registry of Norway24 has been prospectively collecting information on pregnancy, delivery, and the health of the neonate on all births in Norway since 1967. Data on all live births, still births after 16 weeks and elective abortions after week 12 are included in the registry. The information in The Norwegian Mother and Child MI-503 datasheet Cohort Study and data in the Medical Birth Registry of Norway were linked via the women’s personal identification number, which is assigned to every person legally residing in Norway and which is derived from the individual’s date of birth. The study was approved by the Regional Committee for Ethics in Medical Research, Region South, and

the Norwegian Data Inspectorate. Data Collection.— Information from The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study was obtained from 2 self-administered questionnaires. Pregnant women living in Norway between 1999 and 2006 received a postal invitation prior to their first ultrasound scan between gestational weeks 17 and 18. The invitation 上海皓元 included an informed consent – form and the first questionnaire. The first questionnaire covered sociodemographic data, maternal medical history, drug exposure, and other exposures during the 6 months prior to pregnancy and during the first 18 weeks of the current pregnancy. The second questionnaire,

distributed during gestational week 30, covered lifestyle and medical data during the second and third trimesters. Information in the Medical Birth Registry of Norway24 was obtained from mandatory, standardized forms covering both sociodemographic and medical information regarding both the mother and the newborn. The forms are filled out by midwives, obstetricians, and/or pediatricians at each delivery, and information on the mother is obtained from the mother’s pregnancy medical records. Study Population.— The study population consisted of 69,929 pregnant women and their newborn children with records both in The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study and in the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. Multiple pregnancies were not excluded in this study; however, only data on the first born infant were used as these were the only ones also linked to maternal data. Explanatory Variables.

The good genes and the genetic compatibility hypotheses predict that females choose mates according to costly traits and genetic dissimilarity, respectively. Thus, to document inbreeding or outbreeding depressions

Selleckchem Roxadustat and assess the contributions of mate choice based upon good genes versus genetic compatibility, we examined egg production, collected body length measurements and genotyped five microsatellite markers in six populations of Asiatic toad (Bufo gargarizans). Our results revealed that the incidence of inbreeding was higher than that expected under the assumption of random mating and relatedness between mated individuals increased when the average inbreeding level increased among populations. Our findings did not support the good genes or the genetic compatibility hypotheses. Although see more some other processes could have

influences on mate choice of Asiatic toad and need to be tested, our results indicated that, in small and isolated toad populations, the limited availability and high cost of obtaining unrelated mates may promote outbreeding avoidance and adaptation to inbreeding to be the critical drives of female mate choice. “
“A link between paternal care and territoriality has been described in several anuran species. The southern Darwin’s frog (Rhinoderma darwinii) has developed a highly specialized form of paternal care known as neomelia, in which males ingest developing embryos and transport them in their vocal sacs until metamorphosis is completed. Based on the main components of territoriality described 上海皓元 in amphibians: site fidelity, resource limitation and defence (e.g. of oviposition sites and egg clutches), we hypothesized that R. darwinii males exhibit territoriality. To investigate this, we used a multi-method approach that involved estimating home range and movements, performing social network analyses and monitoring potential egg attendance. Forty-five individual frogs and three egg clutches were monitored in a population from southern Chile between December 2010 and February 2011. Site fidelity was found across

all groups (juveniles, females, non-brooding males and brooding males) based on small movements between captures (mean ±1 se; 0.96 ± 0.11 m) and small net displacement (2.95 ± 0.55 m). Home ranges were small (1.82 ± 0.54 m; range: 0.1–16 m2) and did not differ significantly among groups. We did not find evidence of male territoriality, instead male frogs exhibited high home range overlapping and intra-group association. No frogs of either sex were ever seen attending eggs. This evidence supports Wells’ suggestion; territoriality in anuran species with parental care should be expected only if males defend oviposition sites. Conversely, females did not exhibit home range overlapping and showed evidence of very low intra-group association.

All subjects had EUS guided biopsy with a 22G Procore needle and cell-block preparation was performed. Sections see more of cell-block material were assessed for S100A2 and S100A4 protein expression using immunohistochemistry. Results: Pre-operative biomarker assessments from EUS acquired specimens were possible in 90% (72/79) of patients, of which 14 proceeded to have pancreatectomy. Thirty-five (49%) of patients expressed S100A2 and S100A4, which were co-expressed in 97% of cases. Patients with S100A2/A4 tumours on EUS had a significantly shorter median survival (10.0 vs. 17.5

months, P = 0.03). Amongst patients with S100A2/A4 expressing tumors, pancreatectomy (n = 8) did not lead to a survival benefit Selleckchem Staurosporine compared with those with non-surgical management (n = 27) (12.5

vs. 10.0 months, P = 0.70). Of patients who had pancreatectomy, patients with S100A2/A4 expressing tumors (n = 8) had shorter survival than those with S100A2/A4-negative tumors (n = 6) (12.5 vs. 20.5 months; P = 0.04). Conclusion: Biomarker assessment from EUS guided biopsy specimens is feasible and successful in 90% of cases. The presence of S100A2 and S100A4 expression predicts both survival and response to pancreatectomy in patients with pancreatic cancer. These findings demonstrate a “proof-of-concept”, that pre-operative EUS guided biopsy could inform clinical decision-making, particularly with regard to selection for operative resection of PDAC. S HEW, W YU, S ROBSON, G STARKEY, A TESTRO, M FINK, P GOW Liver Transplant Unit, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia 3084 Introduction: Umbilical hernia is a common complication

MCE公司 in patients with end stage liver disease. The risks and outcomes associated with surgical repair in this population have not been clearly defined. The aim of this study was to examine the outcome of umbilical hernia repair in patients with cirrhosis and compare this with a control group of non-cirrhotic patients. Methods: Prospective data was collected using a surgical database recording the outcome of umbilical hernia repairs performed between 2004 and 2013 at the Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, Australia. Data collected included age, sex, severity of liver disease, complications and mortality. Outcomes were compared between patients with and without cirrhosis. Results: 79 patients with cirrhosis (76% male, median age 57 years) and 119 controls (62% male, median age 52 years) were included. Of the patients with cirrhosis, 9% were Child-Pugh A, 61% were Child-Pugh B and 30% were Child-Pugh C. The median Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score was 13 (range 3 to 28). Emergency repairs for incarcerated or perforated hernias comprised 18% in patients with cirrhosis and 6% in controls. The median length of stay for patients with cirrhosis was 3 days (range 1–30) compared with 1 day (range 1–19) in controls (p < 0.01).

Methods: 3 centres in France (7 investigators) took part in this prospective study. Any pancreatic mass studied by EUSFNA could be imaged by nCLE, but if a patient had multiple masses, only one of them could be imaged. The definition of the preliminary interpretation criteria was done by consensus, with 5 investigators, including one pathologist. 35 patients with a pancreatic mass were included prospectively during the study (June 2012 to March 2013) and the corresponding nCLE recordings were reviewed. For each case, the investigators had the following data: patient’s clinical history, information on the EUS procedure preceding nCLE imaging, cytology, histology findings, nCLE sequences,

and, BVD-523 in vitro in certain cases, histological images. When reviewing the video sequences, they were asked to identify characteristic descriptive criteria, and correlate them with a final diagnosis if possible. The localization of the pancreatic masses was: head (17 cases), body (12 cases), tail (6 cases). PLX-4720 nmr There were 17 men, and

16 women (2 na), mean age 66 years, (extreme: 32–87 years old). The puncture of the mass was done in all cases with a 19 G puncture needle. Mean size is 30 mm (+/− 9 mm). Results: No complication occured during the nCLE procedure or the puncture. A definitive histological diagnosis was obtained in 31/35 patients. It was the following: adenocarcinoma (21 cases), fibrous stroma adenocarcinoma (1 case), neuroendocrine tumor (4 cases), pseudopapillary tumor (1), chronic pancreatitis (3). During this review, all exocrine adenocarcinomas showed 2 signs, dark cells aggregates with pseudo-glandular aspects, and straight hyperdense elements more or less thick corresponding to tumoral fibrosis. This last element was preposterous in the fibrous stroma tumor. However, both signs were

absent in the tumor with acini cells and neuroendocrine tumor. This one showed a very dense network of small vesselson a dark background. Moreover, normal pancreas shows an aspect of coffee beans corresponding to acinis. Conclusion: This preliminary classification of nCLE images obtained in pancreatic masses could help in the differentiation of adenocarcinomas and neuroendocrine tumors, and between malignant tumors from normal pancreatic tissue. nCLE could therefore facilitate the diagnosis of these lesions, by bringing in vivo microscopic information, in real-time. Key Word(s): 1. endomicroscopy; 2. masses; medchemexpress 3. needle; 4. differentiation; Presenting Author: CHEOL KIM Additional Authors: JONG HO MOON, HYUN JONG CHOI, YUN NAH LEE, DONG CHOON KIM, HEE KYUNG KIM, TAE HOON LEE, SANG-WOO CHA, YOUNG DEOK CHO, SANG-HEUM PARK, SUN-JOO KIM Corresponding Author: JONG HO MOON Affiliations: Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Soon Chun Hyang University School of Medicine; Department of Pathology, Soon Chun Hyang University School of Medicine Objective: EUS-FNA is becoming the standard tool for tissue acquisition for pancreatic mass lesion.

Methods: 3 centres in France (7 investigators) took part in this prospective study. Any pancreatic mass studied by EUSFNA could be imaged by nCLE, but if a patient had multiple masses, only one of them could be imaged. The definition of the preliminary interpretation criteria was done by consensus, with 5 investigators, including one pathologist. 35 patients with a pancreatic mass were included prospectively during the study (June 2012 to March 2013) and the corresponding nCLE recordings were reviewed. For each case, the investigators had the following data: patient’s clinical history, information on the EUS procedure preceding nCLE imaging, cytology, histology findings, nCLE sequences,

and, Selleck Idasanutlin in certain cases, histological images. When reviewing the video sequences, they were asked to identify characteristic descriptive criteria, and correlate them with a final diagnosis if possible. The localization of the pancreatic masses was: head (17 cases), body (12 cases), tail (6 cases). Wnt inhibitor There were 17 men, and

16 women (2 na), mean age 66 years, (extreme: 32–87 years old). The puncture of the mass was done in all cases with a 19 G puncture needle. Mean size is 30 mm (+/− 9 mm). Results: No complication occured during the nCLE procedure or the puncture. A definitive histological diagnosis was obtained in 31/35 patients. It was the following: adenocarcinoma (21 cases), fibrous stroma adenocarcinoma (1 case), neuroendocrine tumor (4 cases), pseudopapillary tumor (1), chronic pancreatitis (3). During this review, all exocrine adenocarcinomas showed 2 signs, dark cells aggregates with pseudo-glandular aspects, and straight hyperdense elements more or less thick corresponding to tumoral fibrosis. This last element was preposterous in the fibrous stroma tumor. However, both signs were

absent in the tumor with acini cells and neuroendocrine tumor. This one showed a very dense network of small vesselson a dark background. Moreover, normal pancreas shows an aspect of coffee beans corresponding to acinis. Conclusion: This preliminary classification of nCLE images obtained in pancreatic masses could help in the differentiation of adenocarcinomas and neuroendocrine tumors, and between malignant tumors from normal pancreatic tissue. nCLE could therefore facilitate the diagnosis of these lesions, by bringing in vivo microscopic information, in real-time. Key Word(s): 1. endomicroscopy; 2. masses; 上海皓元 3. needle; 4. differentiation; Presenting Author: CHEOL KIM Additional Authors: JONG HO MOON, HYUN JONG CHOI, YUN NAH LEE, DONG CHOON KIM, HEE KYUNG KIM, TAE HOON LEE, SANG-WOO CHA, YOUNG DEOK CHO, SANG-HEUM PARK, SUN-JOO KIM Corresponding Author: JONG HO MOON Affiliations: Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Soon Chun Hyang University School of Medicine; Department of Pathology, Soon Chun Hyang University School of Medicine Objective: EUS-FNA is becoming the standard tool for tissue acquisition for pancreatic mass lesion.

Methods: 3 centres in France (7 investigators) took part in this prospective study. Any pancreatic mass studied by EUSFNA could be imaged by nCLE, but if a patient had multiple masses, only one of them could be imaged. The definition of the preliminary interpretation criteria was done by consensus, with 5 investigators, including one pathologist. 35 patients with a pancreatic mass were included prospectively during the study (June 2012 to March 2013) and the corresponding nCLE recordings were reviewed. For each case, the investigators had the following data: patient’s clinical history, information on the EUS procedure preceding nCLE imaging, cytology, histology findings, nCLE sequences,

and, Selleckchem GPCR Compound Library in certain cases, histological images. When reviewing the video sequences, they were asked to identify characteristic descriptive criteria, and correlate them with a final diagnosis if possible. The localization of the pancreatic masses was: head (17 cases), body (12 cases), tail (6 cases). LBH589 supplier There were 17 men, and

16 women (2 na), mean age 66 years, (extreme: 32–87 years old). The puncture of the mass was done in all cases with a 19 G puncture needle. Mean size is 30 mm (+/− 9 mm). Results: No complication occured during the nCLE procedure or the puncture. A definitive histological diagnosis was obtained in 31/35 patients. It was the following: adenocarcinoma (21 cases), fibrous stroma adenocarcinoma (1 case), neuroendocrine tumor (4 cases), pseudopapillary tumor (1), chronic pancreatitis (3). During this review, all exocrine adenocarcinomas showed 2 signs, dark cells aggregates with pseudo-glandular aspects, and straight hyperdense elements more or less thick corresponding to tumoral fibrosis. This last element was preposterous in the fibrous stroma tumor. However, both signs were

absent in the tumor with acini cells and neuroendocrine tumor. This one showed a very dense network of small vesselson a dark background. Moreover, normal pancreas shows an aspect of coffee beans corresponding to acinis. Conclusion: This preliminary classification of nCLE images obtained in pancreatic masses could help in the differentiation of adenocarcinomas and neuroendocrine tumors, and between malignant tumors from normal pancreatic tissue. nCLE could therefore facilitate the diagnosis of these lesions, by bringing in vivo microscopic information, in real-time. Key Word(s): 1. endomicroscopy; 2. masses; MCE公司 3. needle; 4. differentiation; Presenting Author: CHEOL KIM Additional Authors: JONG HO MOON, HYUN JONG CHOI, YUN NAH LEE, DONG CHOON KIM, HEE KYUNG KIM, TAE HOON LEE, SANG-WOO CHA, YOUNG DEOK CHO, SANG-HEUM PARK, SUN-JOO KIM Corresponding Author: JONG HO MOON Affiliations: Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Soon Chun Hyang University School of Medicine; Department of Pathology, Soon Chun Hyang University School of Medicine Objective: EUS-FNA is becoming the standard tool for tissue acquisition for pancreatic mass lesion.