This method complements the immunochemical methods toward addressing food safety in CD patients and wheat allergics. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Pyrrole (Py)-based polyelectrolytes (Py-PE): P(Py-COOLi), P(Py-COONa), and P(Py-COOK) was synthesized, characterized, and used to prepare thin film resistive humidity sensors. Their humidity sensitive properties have been investigated, and sensing mechanism was presented. The Py-PE contains PPy as backbone and the side chain bearing carboxylic salt group, which made its sensor exhibited a very wide humidity sensing range of 0-97%, relative humidity

(R-H), high conductivity even at very low humidity, and both ionic and electronic conduction contributed to its conductivity. Among LGX818 mouse all the Py-PE, P(Py-COOK) showed high sensitivity, with the impedance changing Entrectinib mouse of about three orders of magnitude (10(3)-10(6) Omega) from 97 to 0% RH, whereas P(Py-COONa) showed quick response for both absorption (12.5 s) and desorption (15.2 s). Py-PE prepared is promising for preparation of thin film resistive humidity sensors capable of detecting low humidity. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 112: 1287-1293, 2009″
“Apple texture is one of the critical

quality features for the consumer. Texture depends on several factors that are difficult to control and which change with freezing. To better understand BAY 73-4506 the mechanisms involved in the texture degradation of apple tissues following freezing/thawing, our approach was to combine mechanical properties, cellular structure and cell wall composition measurements on fresh and thawed apples (Granny Smith) after three different freezing protocols

(at -20 degrees C, -80 degrees C and -196 degrees C). This work highlighted the interest of applying macrovision and image texture analysis to quantify the freezing effects on cellular structure and ice crystal size. Freezing at -20 degrees C and after immersion into liquid nitrogen were the protocols affecting the most fruit texture leading to cell membrane breakage resulting in cell wall collapse and tissue breakage, respectively, which accounted for the mechanical behaviour of the samples. All freezing protocols induced vacuole burst showing that the turgor pressure preservation remains critical during the freezing process. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“There are approximately 10 000 pediatric burn survivors in the United States each year, many of whom will present for reconstructive surgery after severe burns in the head and neck (1). These recovered burn victims, who are beyond the acute phase of injury, often have significant scarring and contractures in the face, mouth, nares, neck, and chest, which can make airway management challenging and potentially lead to a cannot intubate, cannot ventilate scenario (2).