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“Introduction Intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) include a wide spectrum of pathological conditions, ranging from uncomplicated appendicitis to fecal peritonitis. From a clinical perspective, IAIs are classified in two major categories: complicated and uncomplicated [1]. In the event of a complicated IAI, the infectious process proceeds beyond a singularly affected organ and causes either localized peritonitis (intra-abdominal abscesses) or diffuse peritonitis.