Statistical differences were considered

Statistical differences were considered Selleck AZD3965 significant at the p < 0.05 level. Acknowledgements The authors thank Dr. M. Curtis and Dr. K. Nakayama for providing the gingipain-deficient mutants. This work

was supported by US Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, NIDCR grant DE017384 to DFK. References 1. Socransky SS, Haffajee AD, Cugini MA, Smith C, Kent RL Jr: Microbial complexes in subgingival plaque. J Clin Periodontol 1998,25(2):134–144.CrossRefPubMed 2. Kinane DF, Galicia J, Gorr SU, Stathopoulou P, Benakanakere MM: P. gingivalis interactions with epithelial cells. Front Biosci 2008, 13:966–984.CrossRefPubMed 3. Fulda S, Debatin KM: Extrinsic versus intrinsic apoptosis pathways in anticancer chemotherapy. Oncogene 2006,25(34):4798–4811.CrossRefPubMed 4. Koulouri O, Lappin DF, Radvar M, Kinane DF: Cell division, synthetic capacity and apoptosis in periodontal

lesions analysed by in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemistry. J Clin Periodontol 1999,26(8):552–559.CrossRefPubMed 5. Tonetti MS, Cortellini D, Lang NP: In situ detection of apoptosis at sites of chronic bacterially induced inflammation in human gingiva. Infect Immun 1998,66(11):5190–5195.PubMed 6. Imatani T, Kato T, Okuda K, Yamashita Y: Histatin 5 inhibits apoptosis in human gingival fibroblasts induced by porphyromonas gingivalis cell-surface polysaccharide. Eur J Med Res 2004,9(11):528–532.PubMed 7. Urnowey S, Ansai T, Bitko V, Nakayama K, Takehara T, Barik S: Temporal activation of anti- and PLX-4720 solubility dmso pro-apoptotic factors in human gingival fibroblasts infected

with the periodontal pathogen, Porphyromonas gingivalis: potential role of bacterial proteases in host signalling. BMC Microbiol 2006, 6:26.CrossRefPubMed 8. Kobayashi-Sakamoto M, Hirose K, Nishikata M, Isogai E, Chiba I: Osteoprotegerin protects endothelial cells against apoptotic cell death induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis cysteine proteinases. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2006,264(2):238–245.CrossRefPubMed 9. Roth Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase GA, Ankersmit HJ, Brown VB, Papapanou PN, Schmidt AM, Lalla E: Porphyromonas gingivalis infection and cell death in human aortic endothelial cells. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2007,272(1):106–113.CrossRefPubMed 10. Sheets SM, Potempa J, Travis J, Casiano CA, Fletcher HM: Gingipains from Porphyromonas gingivalis W83 induce cell adhesion molecule cleavage and apoptosis in endothelial cells. Infect Immun 2005,73(3):1543–1552.CrossRefPubMed 11. Sheets SM, Potempa J, Travis J, Fletcher HM, Casiano CA: Gingipains from Porphyromonas gingivalis W83 synergistically disrupt endothelial cell adhesion and can induce BMS345541 concentration caspase-independent apoptosis. Infect Immun 2006,74(10):5667–5678.CrossRefPubMed 12. Geatch DR, Harris JI, Heasman PA, Taylor JJ: In vitro studies of lymphocyte apoptosis induced by the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. J Periodontal Res 1999,34(2):70–78.CrossRefPubMed 13.

Comments are closed.