Functional magnetic resonance urography allows better separation of the renal poles, thus more accurate OSI-744 calculation of the differential renal functions compared with renal scintigraphy. Magnetic resonance urography is the study of choice when upper urinary tract anatomy is complex or when functional evaluation is needed. Sudha A. Anupindi, Owens Terreblanche, and Jesse Courtier This article addresses the current technique and protocols for magnetic resonance (MR) enterography,

with a primary focus on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and a secondary detailed discussion of other diseases of the small bowel beyond IBD. A brief discussion of MR imaging for appendicitis is included, but the evaluation of appendicitis does not require an enterographic protocol. The focused key points and approach presented in this article are intended to enhance the reader’s understanding to help improve patient compliance with the MR enterographic studies, overcome challenges, and improve interpretation. Deepa R. Pai and Maria F. Ladino-Torres Both benign and malignant pelvic masses are encountered in the pediatric Ixazomib manufacturer population. Although ultrasonography remains the modality of choice for initial

evaluation of a pediatric pelvic mass, in selected cases magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can add important diagnostic information. MR imaging Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase has several advantages over ultrasonography and computed tomography, including superior contrast resolution and an ability to characterize abnormalities based on unique tissue characteristics. MR evaluation assists in lesion characterization, presurgical planning, and staging when a malignancy is suspected. MR imaging also offers a nonionizing imaging modality for long-term follow-up of patients undergoing therapy for malignant pelvic masses. Monica Epelman, David Dinan, Michael S. Gee, Sabah Servaes, Edward Y. Lee, and Kassa Darge Although

many Müllerian duct anomalies do not require treatment, surgical intervention is sometimes necessary to enable sexual activity or to preserve fertility. The identification of these anomalies is important for optimal clinical management or surgical treatment. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is a robust method for adequately evaluating and characterizing uterine and vaginal anomalies. The information provided by MR imaging allows for a more complete understanding of the malformation, facilitating management decisions and potentially changing the outcome. In this article, the embryology, classification, and MR imaging findings of Müllerian duct and related anomalies in children and adolescents are reviewed. Daniel J. Podberesky, Alexander J. Towbin, Mohamed A. Eltomey, and Marc A.