For each case, a minimum of 20 metaphases were analyzed by using the CytoVision® chromosomal Gemcitabine solubility karyotyping automatic system (Genetix Company-USA). Karyotype was written according to the International Chromosome Nomenclature (ISCN 2009). A successful cytogenetic analysis

required the detection of at least 2 or more cells with the same structural change or chromosomal gain, 3 or more cells with the same chromosomal loss, in at least 20 metaphases.7 The patients’ karyotypes were thereafter subdivided into groups based on the WHO classification (2008).2 In this cross-sectional, descriptive study, we reported Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical descriptive statistics, including mean age and incidence of cytogenetic abnormalities, using the SPSS software selleck catalog package Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical (version 18). Moreover, we performed comparisons in terms of cytogenetic subclasses and age groups using the Pearson chi-square test with MED CALC software. Results We conducted a cytogenetic analysis of 168 ALL patients,

comprising 154 B-ALL and 14 T-ALL cases. The 154 B-ALL patients were comprised of 53 females at a mean age of 12.13 ± 14.07 years and 101 males at a mean age of 14.65±15.76 years (mean age=13.78±15.2 years, range=1 month to 79 years). Children accounted for 108 (70.1%) cases at a mean age of 5.79±3.73 years (lower than 15 years), and adults comprised Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical 46 (29.9%) cases at a mean age of 35.36±14.82 years. The 14 T-ALL patients were composed of 5 (35.7%) children and 9 (64.2%) Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical adults, and all of them, with the exception of one, were male (92.9%). Karyotyping was unsuccessful in 26 patients: 15 specimens were cultured but did not have metaphases and 11 samples had too few metaphases to be adequate or had too poor quality to be interpreted. There were 128 cases of successful cytogenetic analysis of B-ALL patients, with 49 (38.3%) cases, 16 (12.5%) adults and 33 (25.7%) children, showing normal karyotypes. Normal karyotypes were found in 6 out of the 14 (46.1%) T-ALL patients.

The frequency of cytogenetic abnormalities, including numerical and/or structural changes, was 61.7% and 53.8% in the B-ALL and T-ALL patients, respectively. There were Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical 13 T-ALL patients with successful karyotyping: 6 (46.15%) patients had normal karyotype and the main abnormalities were Dup21, del 6q21, der 13, dup 1, t(11;14), near tetraploidy, and del 1. Figure 1 and table 1 depict the distribution of the cytogenetic abnormalities in the T-ALL patients. Anacetrapib The main cytogenetic abnormality was hyperdiploidy (47 to >65 chromosomes) in 42 (32.8%) B-ALL patients. In the children group, the most common abnormality was hyperdiploidy in 34 (38.6%) patients in comparison with the adults, in whom hyperdiploidy was found in 8 (20%) patients. Hyperdiploidy with 51-65 chromosomes, as the sole abnormality, was significantly more frequent in the children (24/27.3%) than in the adults (1/2.5%) (P<0.05). Deletions, duplications, and translocations were the main structural chromosomal abnormalities.