Figure 4 Comparison of the AatA proteins of IMT5155, APEC_O1, BL21, and B_REL606. AatA amino acid sequences were compared

using MegAlign (Lasergene 6, DNASTAR, WI, USA). Proteins are depicted as schemes indicating specific protein domains as predicted (SP: signal peptide; ATr: YAP-TEAD Inhibitor 1 autotransporter repeat region; PD: passenger domain; TD: transmembrane domain). Amino acid differences are shown as lines. Red lines indicate differences to the IMT5155-AatA amino acid sequence. The total number of amino acid substitutions is given for each protein domain below the protein schemes. aatA is expressed in APEC IMT5155 To determine whether aatA is transcribed in wild-type strain IMT5155 under laboratory conditions, its expression was studied by quantitative real-time PCR including aatA-negative UPEC strain CFT073 and aatA-positive strains BL21 and APEC_O1. Expression of aatA was detectable in all aatA-positive strains after growth in LB. Interestingly, our analysis revealed different transcriptional

levels of aatA in IMT5155, APEC_O1 and BL21 when compared to the constitutively expressed housekeeping gene gyrB. In detail, we observed an increased transcription of aatA in APEC_O1 (2.71 ± 0.33 fold change), while BL21 showed a considerable lower transcription PD-0332991 research buy level of this gene (0.16 ± 0.33 fold change) as compared with the transcription level determined for aatA in IMT5155. As expected no specific transcription was detected for aatA in CFT073 (fold change < 0.0001). AatA triggers antibody production in rabbits To investigate if the aatA transcript in IMT5155 is indeed translated into the expected AatA protein, a specific antibody against AatA was raised. For the production of specific AatA antibodies we cloned the internal part of aatA (1,222 bp from position

1,375 bp to 2,596 bp within the ORF) Mirabegron into expression vector pET32a(+) under the control of the IPTG-inducible T7 promoter (see Figure 1). The resulting construct led to the expression of a 64-kDa fusion protein in E. coli BL21 designated AatAF (see Figure 1C for overview). Figure 5 shows a coomassie stained SDS-PAGE, demonstrating that AatAF was well expressed in E. coli BL21 after induction with IPTG (compare lane 1 and 2) and successfully purified using the HisTrap column (lane 3). The purified protein was then used to produce specific AatA antibodies as described in methods. Figure 5 Purification of AatAF after expression in E. coli BL21. The internal part of aatA encoding the passenger domain of AatA was cloned into pET32a(+) leading to the expression of the 64-kDa fusion protein AatAF. BL21 cells were incubated in LB at 37°C without (lane 1) or with (lane 3) addition of IPTG. Proteins of total extracts (lane 1 and 3) and of eluates of the purified AatAF (lane 4) were separated on an SDS-PAGE and stained with coomassie.