Eur J Biochem

1993,213(3):973–980 CrossRefPubMed 32 Guns

Eur J Biochem

1993,213(3):973–980.CrossRefPubMed 32. Gunst JJ, Langlois MR, Delanghe JR, De Buyzere ML, Leroux-Roels GG: Serum creatine kinase activity is not a reliable marker for muscle damage in conditions associated with low extracellular glutathione concentration. Clin Chem 1998,44(5):939–943.PubMed 33. Schwane JA, Buckley RT, Dipaolo DP, Atkinson MA, Shepherd JR: Plasma creatine kinase responses of 18- to 30-yr-old African-American men to eccentric exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000,32(2):370–378.CrossRefPubMed 34. Lavender AP, Nosaka K: Changes in fluctuation of isometric force following eccentric and concentric exercise of the elbow flexors. Eur J Appl Physiol 2006,96(3):235–240.CrossRefPubMed 35. Chen TC, Hsieh SS: Effects of a 7-day eccentric training selleck kinase inhibitor period on muscle damage and inflammation. Med Sci Sports Exerc

2001,33(10):1732–1738.CrossRefPubMed 36. Gissel H, Clausen T: Excitation-induced Ca(2+) influx in GSK1120212 solubility dmso rat soleus and EDL muscle: mechanisms and effects on cellular integrity. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2000,279(3):R917–924.PubMed 37. Fowler WM Jr, Chowdhury SR, Pearson CM, Gardner G, Bratton R: Changes in serum enzyme levels after exercise in trained and untrained subjects. J Appl Physiol 1962, 17:943–946.PubMed Competing BVD-523 interests This study was funded by AST Sports Science Pty Ltd (USA) through an unrestricted research grant to Victoria University. Authors’ contributions MC was the study coordinator and was involved in data analysis and manuscript preparation.

ER and AW assisted in data collection. PC assisted in data collection, research design and obtaining grant funding. AH was involved in research design, grant funding, manuscript preparation and PI of the study.”
“Introduction Consumption of oily fish or oils rich in the omega-3 fatty acids (N3) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are well established for their role in supporting cardiovascular health [1–3]. While the mechanisms surrounding the cardioprotective effects of EPA and DHA are complex, they can be broadly categorized into modulations of cardiac function (including antiarrhythmic effects), hemodynamics (cardiac mechanics), arterial endothelial function, and the modulation of lipids, in Florfenicol particular triacylglycerols [2, 4]. Despite these benefits the actual intake of fish derived N3 is relatively small in the United States whereby total N3 accounts for 1.6 g/d (0.7% of energy intake). Of this, about 1.4 g/d is plant derived α-linolenic acid (ALA), whereas only 0.1 to 0.2 g/d comes from EPA and DHA [2]. Supplementation with N3 capsules is an option; however, gastrointestinal disturbances and fish odor often contribute to low compliance. Moreover, little research has been performed on younger, healthy and active participants at low risk for cardiovascular disease.

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