gov number, NCT00086450.)”
“We have investigated the previously uncharacterized human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) UL1 open reading frame (ORF), a member of the rapidly evolving HCMV RL11 family. UL1 is HCMV specific; the

absence of UL1 in chimpanzee cytomegalovirus (CCMV) and sequence analysis studies suggest that UL1 may have originated by the duplication of an ancestor gene from the RL11-TRL cluster (TRL11, TRL12, and TRL13). Sequence similarity searches against human immunoglobulin (Ig)-containing proteins revealed that HCMV pUL1 shows significant similarity to the cellular carcinoembryonic antigen-related (CEA) protein family N-terminal Ig domain, which is responsible for CEA ligand recognition. Northern blot analysis revealed that UL1 is transcribed during

VX-661 nmr the late phase of the LY2835219 ic50 viral replication cycle in both fibroblast-adapted and endotheliotropic strains of HCMV. We characterized the protein encoded by hemagglutinin (HA)-tagged UL1 in the AD169-derived HB5 background. UL1 is expressed as a 224-amino-acid type I transmembrane glycoprotein which becomes detectable at 48 h postinfection. In infected human fibroblasts, pUL1 colocalized at the cytoplasmic site of virion assembly and secondary envelopment together with TGN-46, a marker for the trans-Golgi network, and viral structural proteins, including the envelope glycoprotein gB and the tegument phosphoprotein pp28. Furthermore, analyses of highly purified AD169 UL1-HA epitope-tagged virions revealed Selleckchem GSK126 that pUL1 is a novel constituent of the HCMV envelope. Importantly, the deletion of UL1

in HCMV TB40/E resulted in reduced growth in a cell type-specific manner, suggesting that pUL1 may be implicated in regulating HCMV cell tropism.”
“A single exposure to the elevated plus-maze test (EPM) increases open arms avoidance and reduces or abolishes the anxiolytic-like effect of benzodiazepines assessed during a second trial, a phenomenon defined as “”one-trial tolerance”" (OTT). It has been emphasized that the dorsal portion of the midbrain periaqueductal gray (dPAG) plays a role on this enhanced aversion phenomenon in maze-experienced rodents. Given that intra-dPAG injections of a wide range of serotonergic 5-HT(1A), 5-HT(2A) and 5-HT(2C) receptor agonists produce anxiolytic-like effects in maze-naive rodents, the present study examined the effects of the 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT (5.6 and 10.0 nmol in 0.15 mu l) the preferential 5-HT(2A) receptor agonist DOI (2.0 and 8.0 nmol in 0.1 mu l) and the preferential 5-HT(2C) receptor agonist MK-212 (21.2 and 63.6 nmol in 0.1 mu l) microinjected into the dPAG prior to Trial 1 and Trial 2 on the behaviour of mice in the EPM. Test sessions were recorded and subsequently scored for anxiety-like behaviour (percentage of open arms entries and time) as well as general locomotor activity (closed arm entries). The results showed a lack of 8-OH-DPAT (5.6 and 10.