jejuni 11168 that experienced the VX-770 solubility dmso transition from the ~12% fat diet to the ~6% fat diet were significantly different in gross pathology from controls experiencing the dietary transition (Pcorrected = 0.009), the post hoc comparisons of (1) infected mice on the ~12% fat diet to control mice and (2) infected mice on the two diets

were not significant (Pcorrected = 0.087 and 0.105, respectively). Finally, there were also significant differences in histopathology (P ≤ 0.001 for Kruskal Wallis ANOVA; Figure 8D) in the diet comparison conducted in the final phase of experiment 2 (serial SP600125 solubility dmso passage experiment). In post hoc comparisons, infected mice experiencing the transition from the ~12% fat diet to the ~6% fat diet at the time of inoculation experienced significantly PX-478 greater histopathology

(Pcorrected = 0.033) than control mice experiencing the dietary transition. However, post hoc comparisons of infected mice on the ~12% fat diet to (1) infected mice experiencing the dietary transition and (2) control mice experiencing the dietary transition were not significant (Pcorrected = 0.057 and 1.0, respectively). Figure 8 Survival, gross and histopathology in mice on different dietary regimes (experiments 2 and 5). Results from two comparisons are shown. One comparison of infected mice on the ~12% fat diet with infected and control mice that experienced a dietary shift from a ~12% fat diet to an ~6% fat diet 3 to 5 days prior to inoculation with C. jejuni was conducted concomitantly with the final phase of experiment 2 (serial passage experiment). In experiment 5 (diet comparison), the balanced design included control and

infected mice kept on the 12% fat diet throughout the experiment, kept on the 6% fat diet throughout the experiment, or subjected to a transition from the 12% fat diet to the 6% fat cAMP diet just prior to inoculation. No sham-inoculated control mice (TSB, tryptose soy broth) required early euthanasia or showed gross pathological changes on necropsy; data are not shown. In panel D, boxes enclose the central 50% of the scores; whiskers indicate the maximum and minimum scores; diamonds indicate the median score. ICC, enlarged ileocecocolic lymph node; TW, thickened colon wall; BC, bloody contents in GI tract; TSB; sham inoculated control mice. Since different outcomes were observed in two experiments, we conducted another experiment (experiment 5, diet comparison) with a balanced design that allowed a full comparison of mice infected with non-adapted C. jejuni 11168 on three diet regimes (~12% fat diet throughout, ~6% fat diet throughout, and transition from the ~12% fat diet to the ~6% fat diet just prior to inoculation) and control mice on each of the three diet regimes. Three infected mice kept on the ~6% fat diet throughout required early euthanasia, as did four mice that experienced the transition from the ~12% fat diet to the ~6% fat diet (Figure 8B).