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patterns on MR images with histopathologic findings and tumor angiogenesis. Radiology 1996, 200:639–649.PubMed Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Authors’ contributions HC, HM, KM and TM designed the study. HC, HM and TM performed experiments. HC, HM, KM and TM analysed data. HC and TM wrote the paper. All gave final approval.”
“Background Lymphomas are heterogeneous group of hematological malignancies that arise from malignant transformation of immune cells and account for 17% of all cancers
in teenagers, and around 10% of childhood cancers [1]. Lymphomas are classified into two main types, Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). The incidence of HL has risen gradually over the last few decades, representing a bimodal incidence peak, in early and late adulthood [1]. Several modalities are available to improve the overall survival in HL patients including radiotherapy, chemotherapy or combination of Selleckchem BIBW2992 Thymidine kinase both [2]. However, the most commonly used regimen in the treatment of advanced stages of HL is the ABVD regimen containing doxorubicin (adriamycin), bleomycin, vinblastine and darcarbazine [3]. While more than 70% of HL patients are cured after treatment [3], about 30% of them might
experience relapse after achieving initial complete remission (CR) [4]. This was attributed to the development of drug resistance, which might result from change in drug target sites or increased drug efflux by overexpression of drug transporters [5–7]. The multi-drug resistance (MDR) protein is a transporter that plays a primary role in drug resistance by affecting drug transport to cancer cells. MDR1 protein, called P-glycoprotein (P-gp), belongs to ATP-binding cassette superfamily [8]. A number of polymorphisms in the MDR1 gene were found to be of clinical importance, since they can alter drug absorption, distribution and elimination [9]. For example, the MDR1 C3435T polymorphism has been shown to affect the efficiency of chemotherapy in patients with lymphoproliferative diseases in a sample of the Europeoids of west Serbia [10]. While the association between the MDR1 C3435T polymorphism and NHL is well documented, the association between this polymorphism and HL has not been examined yet.